Key definitions
A settlement is a place where people live.
- Urban area — an area with a high population density, such as cities and towns.
- Rural area — an area with lower population density, such as the countryside.
- Settlement — a place where people live.
Settlement types
Settlement types describe how settlements are arranged in areas. The three main types are linear, nucleated and dispersed.
| Type | Key features |
|---|---|
| Linear | Built in a line; often due to neighbouring steep relief |
| Nucleated | Buildings grouped together for protection; common in flat, low land |
| Dispersed | Buildings are spread out; inhabitants have a lot of land to earn a living (for agriculture) |
Settlement hierarchy
Settlement hierarchy — arranging areas based on their size and number of settlements.
- Threshold population — the minimum number of people needed for a service or good to exist in an area.
- High order goods and services — services or goods found where the population threshold is high, usually luxury goods.
- Low order goods and services — services or goods found where the population threshold is low, usually necessities.
- Sphere of influence — the distance or area people travel to access a service.
Case study: Settlement and service provision in Sardinia
Services found in regions of Sardinia are based on each region's threshold population. The larger the settlement, the higher the order of goods and services it can support.
Cagliari (largest)
- Largest fish markets in Italy
- Biggest container terminals in the Mediterranean Sea
- Shopping and entertainment
Carbonia
- Many mines
- Housing for workforces
- Supermarkets
Bosa (smallest)
- Resorts
- Beaches
- Restaurants